Rising Snakebite Fatalities in Kerala: 12 Vital Safety Measures to Save Lives
Recent reports of fatal snakebites in Kerala have sparked widespread alarm across the state. In recent days, the tragic deaths of two eight-year-old boys—Dikshal in Chirayinkeezhu, Thiruvananthapuram, and Aljo in Thrissur—who were bitten by snakes while sleeping, have left the public deeply concerned. The situation has been further compounded by the death of a housewife in Alappuzha due to a snakebite, highlighting an urgent need to address the rising number of such incidents. Experts suggest that as extreme summer temperatures persist, snakes are increasingly venturing into human settlements and homes in search of cooler, more comfortable environments.
The fact that most of these recent incidents occurred inside homes, particularly while victims were asleep, has necessitated heightened awareness and precautionary measures. To prevent such tragedies, it is highly recommended to avoid sleeping on the floor. Sleeping on a bed is significantly safer. Regardless of the sleeping surface, the use of mosquito nets, properly tucked under the mattress, can provide essential protection against snakes.
Maintaining home infrastructure is also critical. If there is a gap of more than half an inch between the door and the floor, it should be sealed using rubber door seals or mats. Installing fine-mesh metal screens on windows is also advised to prevent entry. Additionally, any cracks or holes in floors and walls should be sealed with cement, and one should avoid cluttering areas under beds or cupboards with old clothes or paper, as these provide ideal hiding spots for snakes.
Outside the home, residents should keep surrounding areas clear of overgrown grass and shrubs. It is also important to control rodent populations, as they attract snakes. Refraining from dumping food scraps in the yard helps deter rodents and, consequently, snakes. Firewood, bricks, and stones should not be stacked against the house; when moving such items, one should always use a long stick to check for snakes first.
Furthermore, footwear left outside should be checked before being worn, and the use of a flashlight is essential when stepping outside at night to avoid accidentally stepping on a snake. If a snake is spotted inside the house, it is vital to remain calm and avoid trying to kill it, as this can provoke the animal and increase the risk of an attack. Instead, the public is encouraged to seek assistance from licensed snake catchers via the Forest Department’s ‘SARPA’ mobile application. Educating children to avoid reaching into burrows or bushes while playing is also a crucial preventative measure.
In the event of a snakebite, panic must be avoided, as it can accelerate the spread of venom through the body. The victim should be kept completely still to prevent increased blood circulation, which speeds up the movement of venom toward the heart and brain. Providing reassurance to the victim and ensuring immediate transport to a hospital is critical. Anti-snake venom (ASV) is available in all major government hospitals, and time should not be wasted attempting to catch or kill the snake. The ‘SARPA’ app can also be used to quickly locate nearby medical facilities.
It is vital not to dismiss any suspicious bite marks, especially in children, as some snakes, such as the Common Krait, may cause little initial pain but can be rapidly fatal. Increased vigilance, maintaining clean surroundings, and ensuring homes are secure are essential steps to preventing further loss of life.